📐 Slope & Gradient Calculator
Calculate the slope percentage, angle, and ratio from Rise and Run.
*Enter in same unit (e.g. meters)
*Enter in same unit (e.g. meters)
How to Calculate Slope and Gradient?
In civil engineering and architecture, "slope" describes the steepness of a line or surface. It is calculated by dividing the vertical change (Rise) by the horizontal distance (Run).
Formulas:
- Slope (%): (Rise / Run) × 100
- Angle (θ): arctan(Rise / Run)
- Gradient Ratio: 1 : (Run / Rise)
Common Slope Examples
Using the correct gradient is critical for safety and water drainage. Here are standard slopes used in construction:
| Application | Typical Slope | Ratio |
|---|---|---|
| Wheelchair Ramp (Max) | 8.33% | 1:12 |
| Drainage Pipe (Min) | 1% - 2% | 1:100 |
| Roads / Highways | 2% - 5% | - |
| Flat Roof | 1.5% - 2% | 1:50 |